In a bowl, weigh or measure the sugar and set it aside. In another bowl, weigh or measure the flour, baking powder, salt, cocoa powder, and dark cocoa powder. Whisk the dry ingredients together until combined.
Add the butter and cream cheese to a stand or handheld mixer. Blend on medium speed for 2 minutes.
Add the sugar and mix for another 2 minutes. The mixture should look creamy and slightly fluffy.
Turn the mixer off and scrape down the sides of the bowl. With the mixer on medium-low speed, add the vanilla extract.
Crack one egg into a small bowl to check for shells, then add it to the mixer bowl. After the first egg is incorporated, repeat with the second egg.
Turn the mixer off and scrape down the sides of the bowl. With the mixer on low speed, slowly add the flour mixture until incorporated.
Turn the mixer off and make sure any flour on the sides or bottom of the bowl is mixed into the dough. Add the caramel chips, white chocolate chips, and walnuts. Mix on low speed for about 15 seconds, just until evenly distributed.
Cover the bowl loosely and refrigerate the cookie dough for 30 minutes.
Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C or 180°C) and line two cookie sheets with parchment paper.
Using a medium cookie scoop, place 12 scoops of dough onto each prepared cookie sheet.
Bake for 10 to 12 minutes. The tops will still be soft and should have a few thin cracks. Leave the cookies on the pan for 1 to 2 minutes before moving them to a cooling rack. This gives them time to firm up before being transferred.
Once the cookies have completely cooled, dust the tops with powdered sugar.